Which of the following is included as a step in the encounter phase of a typical interpretation session?

• A. Preparation
• B. Briefing
• C. Intervening / Mediation
• D. Sign-off

Answer: (C)

During the encounter phase, the interpreter is actively translating and shaping the live exchange between parties. When something in the conversation is confusing, a cultural mismatch could distort meaning, or there are safety or consent concerns, the interpreter may intervene to mediate. This means briefly restating or clarifying terms, asking a concise follow-up question, or rephrasing in neutral language to help both sides understand each other accurately. It happens in the moment, keeping the flow of communication intact while staying within the interpreter’s role as conduit. Preparation and briefing are done beforehand to plan the session, and sign-off comes after the encounter to close it, so intervening/mediation belongs to the live, in-the-moment phase of interpreting.