Which of the following is NOT listed as an exception to using first person (direct speech)?

• A. Young children
• B. Emergencies (summarize)
• C. Anytime a speaker is confused (dementia, post-surgery, substance abuse)
• D. When the interpreter is fatigued

Answer: (D)

Direct speech is used to preserve the speaker’s exact words, but there are specific situations where you treat the words differently to protect accuracy and safety. The listed exceptions include when the speaker is a young child, in emergencies where action is needed and you may summarize rather than quote, and when the speaker is confused (such as dementia, post-surgery, or substance impairment) where direct quotes could misrepresent what's happening. The option about the interpreter being fatigued is not an exception to using first-person direct speech; fatigue concerns the interpreter’s own capacity and would generally call for a break or rescheduling rather than altering how quotes are handled.