What should an interpreter convey to ensure informed consent is truly informed?

• A. Translate only the purpose of the procedure.
• B. Add clarifications not in the source to ensure understanding.
• C. Leave interpretation to the clinician without translation.
• D. Translate the essential elements (purpose, risks, alternatives, and consequences) clearly, verify understanding, invite questions, and avoid adding or omitting information.

Answer: (D)

To ensure informed consent is truly informed, the interpreter must convey all essential information about the procedure in clear, accurate language, and do so in a way the patient can understand. This means translating the purpose, the risks, the alternatives, and the possible consequences, not just pieces of information. It also means verifying that the patient has understood and inviting questions, so they can participate actively in the decision.

Translating only the purpose misses important details that could influence a patient’s decision. Adding clarifications not in the source can alter meaning and create bias. Leaving interpretation entirely to the clinician undermines the patient’s ability to understand in their own language. By translating the essential elements, confirming understanding, inviting questions, and avoiding adding or omitting information, the patient can make a truly informed choice.